Internet Addiction among College Students in China and Its Underlying Causes
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Published
May 31, 2023
Abstract
The internet’s rapid development has fundamentally altered human society. While the internet has provided human with unprecedented convenience and efficiency and has become crucial to their lives, learning, and work, it has also created a number of social challenges, including internet addiction. Multiple studies have been carried out from diverse viewpoints to investigate the topic of internet dependency among children. Based on an analysis of prior studies, the purpose of this paper is to present an overview of internet addiction among Chinese college students, explain its causes, and summarize its detrimental effects in order to provide recommendations for future research on the subject.
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Keywords
Internet, Addiction, China, College Students, Causes
References
Bian, W. L. (2016). Self-adjustment of college students with internet addiction. Shandong Youth, 2016(8):30-31.
Cai, Y. (2017). The transformation of online group behavior (master’s thesis). Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences. Available at: https://kns.cnki.net/KCMS/detail/detail.aspx?dbname=CMFD201801&filename=1017122607.nh
Cao, R. L., Mei, S. L., Hu, Y. Y., Qin, Z. Y., & Zhang, Y. (2019). Relationships between internet addiction and self-esteem and sense of life meaning among college students from three universities in Northeast China. Medicine and Society, 2019(6):115-118. DOI: https://doi.org/10.13723/j.yxysh.2019. 06.031
Chen, G. L. & Huang, J. M. (2008). Adolescent Internet-related Psychology. Beijing: Communication University of China Press. 2008.
Chen, L. (2007). Causes of internet addiction among college students and prevention and intervention measures. Private Higher Education Research, 2007(1):5.
Chen, Z. X. (2012). Strengthening the Supervision of the Quality of Online-sold Goods. Biweekly of Industrial and Commercial Administration, 2012(22):72-74.
CNNIC. (2022). The 50th Statistical Report on China’s Internet Development. China Internet Network Information Center. (2022-08-31). Available at: https://www.cnnic.cn/NMediaFile/2022/0926/MAIN1664183425619U2MS433V3V.pdf
Cui, L. J., & Zhao, X. (2004). Setting criteria for internet addiction using Angoff’s method. Journal of Psychological Science, 2004(3):721-723. DOI: https://doi.org/10.16719/j.cnki.1671-6981.2004.03.054
Dai, R. Q., & Zhang, F. G. (2015). Pathways to the improvement of internet literacy in college students: Based on the core socialist values. Journal of Hubei Open Vocational College, 2015(7):37-38.
Deng, W. H., Wang, L. J., Wang, J, Yang, S. W., & Shi, Y. F. (2022). The current state of internet use and internet addiction among junior college students. Science & Technology Vision, 2022(6):127-129. DOI: https://doi.org/10.19694/j.cnki.issn2095-2457.2022.06.40
Dong, H. L., & Dai, S. (2003). A questionnaire survey and analysis of college student online morality and behavior. Journal of Branch School of Southern Medical University, 2003(2):129-131.
Du, Q. (2018). The transformation of social ideas in the context of virtual social interaction. China Journal of Multimedia and Network Teaching, 2018(7):163-164.
Guan, G. C. (2021). The cultivation of healthy internet mentality in college students from the perspective of cyber ideological security. Theory and Practice of Contemporary Education, 2021(4):114-118. DOI: https://doi.org/10.13582/j.cnki. 1674-5884.2021.04.019
He, Y. (2020). The current state of internet addiction among college students and preventive countermeasures: A case study of college students in Jiangsu Province. Industrial and Science Tribune, 2020(14):111-112.
Hsieh, K. Y., Hsiao, R. C., Yang, Y. H., Lee, K. H., & Yen, C. F. (2019). Relationship between self-identity confusion and internet addiction among college students: the mediating effects of psychological inflexibility and experiential avoidance. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16(17):3225. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390%2Fijerph16173225
Huang, D. P. (2009). The impact of the internet on college students. Science Mosaic, 2009(10):2.
Huang, L. D., & Shen, X. C. (2011). Expand the sources of knowledge and improve the ability to utilize information: The avenues and methods for college students to effectively access internet information resources. Huaiyin Normal University’s Education Science Forum (Z1).
Huang, S. H. (2002). The game of reshaping oneself: interpersonal communication in the cyberspace. Lanzhou: Lanzhou University Press. 2002.
Huang, S.H., Chen, Y. J., Zhou, Q. A., & Wang, Y. R. (2020). Boredom Proneness and online gaming addiction of university freshmen: The moderating role of meaning in life. China Journal of Health Psychology, 2020(4):580-585. DOI: https://doi.org/10.13342/j.cnki.cjhp.2020.04.022
Jiang, N. N., & Gu, H. G. (2005). Online behavior, attitudes, and personality traits of college students. Journal of Psychological Science, 28(1):3.
Liu, C. Y., & Chen, Y. H. (2009). An investigation into college student internet dependence: A case study of the survey on internet addiction among students with Renmin University of China. China Youth Study, 2009(11):64-67+47. DOI: https://doi.org/10.19633/j.cnki.11-2579/d.2009.11.014
Liu, Q., Zhang, P., Li, R. P., Li, S. J., & Li, S. (2006). The impact of internet addiction on physical and mental health of college students. Journal of Medical Forum, 2006(15):18-19.
Mihara, S., & Higuchi, S. (2017). Cross-sectional and longitudinal epidemiological studies of Internet gaming disorder: A systematic review of the literature. Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, 71(7):425-444. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/pcn.12532
Mo, X. L. (2018). The impact of the internet on the identification with mainstream culture in college students and coping measures. Think Tank Era, 2018(29):2.
Rao, C. P. (2005). The Legal System for the Internet. Beijing: People’s Court Press. 2005.
Ren, T. T., & Liu, J. (2019). Internet addiction among Kazakh college students in Xinjiang agricultural and pastoral areas and influencing factors. Modern Preventive Medicine, 2019(11):2004-2008.
Shao, Y. J., Zheng, T., Wang, Y. Q., Liu, L., Chen, Y., & Yao, Y. S. (2018). Internet addiction detection rate among college students in the People’s Republic of China: A meta-analysis. Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health, 12(1):1-10. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13034-018-0231-6
Song, J. X., Dong, H. L., & Han, W. Y. (2011). Internet addiction among college students and countermeasures. Modern Education Management, 2011(6):94-96. DOI: https://doi.org/10.16697/j.cnki.xdjygl.2011.06.023
Tao, G. F. (2005). Social Psychology of College Students. Shanghai: East China University of Science and Technology Pres. 2005.
Tao, R. (2007). Analysis of internet addiction and intervention. Shanghai: Shanghai People’s Publishing House.
Tao, R., Huang, X. Q., Wang, J. N., Liu, C. Y., Zhang, H. M., Xiao, L. J., & Yao, S. M. (2008). The formulation of clinical diagnostic criteria for internet addiction. Medical Journal of Chinese People’s Liberation Army, 33(10):4
Wang, H. (2022). The influence of parenting style on college student internet addiction and educational countermeasures (master's thesis). Heilongjiang University. Available at: https://kns.cnki.net/KCMS/detail/detail.aspx?dbname=CMFD202202&filename=1022039337.nh
Wang, H. B., & Hu, X. (2013). The current state of college students’ online social interaction. Studies in Ideological Education, 2013(11):75-77.
Wang, S. M. (2012). The harm of internet addiction to college students and countermeasures. People’s Tribune, 2012(29):144-146. DOI: https://doi.org/10.16619/j.cnki. rmlt.2012.29.020
Wang, X., Jing, Z. G., & Wan, Z. (2019). The relationship between the family cultural environment and college student internet addiction. Chinese Character Culture, 2019(15):154-155. DOI: https://doi.org/10.14014/j.cnki.cn11-2597/g2.2019.15.077
Xia, J., & Sun, S. F. (2020). The governance of online pornographic information targeting minors. Journal of Guangzhou Police College, 2020(3):3-12.
Xu, X. L., Cheng, C. L., & Sun, L. J. (2010). The impact of online games on teenagers. Journal of Southeast University (Philosophy and Social Sciences), 2020(S1):7.
Yan, H. W. (2013). Online Gaming Addiction among College Students (Doctoral dissertation). Nanjing University of Science and Technology. Available at: https://kns.cnki.net/KCMS/detail/detail.aspx?dbname=CDFD1214&filename=1013354378.nh
Yang, M. M. (2015). Factors influencing online shopping addiction of college students (master’s thesis). Zhejiang Normal University. Available at: https://kns.cnki.net/KCMS/detail/detail.aspx?dbname=CMFD201601&filename=1015647259.nh
Yang, X. F., & Chen, Z. Y. (2006). The relationships between internet use, internet addiction and mental health of college students (ed.) Proceedings of the 2006 Annual Academic Conference of Chinese Psychological Society’s Special Committee of Developmental Psychology and Special Committee of Educational Psychology (pp. 148).
Yang, Z. (2009). Mental health problems of college students in the internet context. Guide of Science and Education, 2009(25):109-110.
Yang, Z. J. (2004). Internet-related psychological problems among college students and their causes (master's thesis). Northwestern Polytechnic University. Available at: https://kns.cnki.net/KCMS/detail/detail.aspx?dbname=CMFD9904&filename=2004062941.nh
Yin, J. (2014). The impact of cyber communities on people’s views of meaning in life. (master’s thesis). Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications. Available at: https://kns.cnki.net/KCMS/detail/detail.aspx?dbname=CMFD201501&filename=1015526308.nh
Young, K. S. (1998). Internet addiction: The emergence of a new clinical disorder. Cyber Psychology & Behavior, 1(3):237-244. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1089/cpb.1998.1.237
Young, K. S., Pistner, M., O'mara, J., & Buchanan, J. (1999). Cyber disorders: The mental health concern for the new millennium. Cyberpsychology & Behavior, 2(5):475-479. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1089/cpb.1999.2.475
Yu, C. X., Man, S. Y., & Zhang, T. T. (2022). The impact of online entertainment on college students’ study and life and coping measures. Light and Textile Industries of Fujian, 2022(10):73-76.
Yuan, D. Z. (2004). College Student Internet Pornographic Behavior and Internet Pornography Addiction (master’s thesis). Hunan Normal University. Available at: https://kns.cnki.net/KCMS/detail/detail.aspx?dbname=CMFD0506&filename=2005113556.nh
Yuan, Y. J. (2018). Computerized adaptive test of internet addiction based on multi-dimensional IRT (master’s thesis). Jiangxi Normal University. Available at: https://kns.cnki.net/KCMS/detail/detail.aspx?dbname=CMFD201902&filename=1018090764.nh
Zhang, F., Shen, M. W., Xu, M., Zhu, H. Y., & Zhou, N. (2006). Structural Equation Modeling of Motives, Behaviors of Internet Use and Related Social-Psychological Health. Acta Psychologica Sinica, 2006(3):407-413. Retrieved From: https://journal.psych.ac.cn/xlxb/CN/
Zhang, J. L. (2022). The construction of the correction model for college student online gaming addiction: A study based on the survival adaptability project. Journal of Yancheng Normal University (Humanities and Social Sciences Edition), 2022(5):50-59. DOI: https://doi.org/10.16401/j.cnki.ysxb.1003-6873.2022.05.065
Zhou, L, Meng, H. Q., Qiu, H. T., & Zheng, Y. P. (2008). The relationship between college student internet addiction and home satisfaction. Journal of Chongqing Medical University, 33(4):4.
Zhou, R., & Zhou, Q. (1997). The relations between internet addiction, internet use behavior and the pleasant experience of communication. Communication Association of China, 1997(1):2-12.
Zhou, T. (2003). The relationship between college students’ social anxiety and internet addiction. Journal of Educational Science of Hunan Normal University, 2003(3):85-87.
Cai, Y. (2017). The transformation of online group behavior (master’s thesis). Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences. Available at: https://kns.cnki.net/KCMS/detail/detail.aspx?dbname=CMFD201801&filename=1017122607.nh
Cao, R. L., Mei, S. L., Hu, Y. Y., Qin, Z. Y., & Zhang, Y. (2019). Relationships between internet addiction and self-esteem and sense of life meaning among college students from three universities in Northeast China. Medicine and Society, 2019(6):115-118. DOI: https://doi.org/10.13723/j.yxysh.2019. 06.031
Chen, G. L. & Huang, J. M. (2008). Adolescent Internet-related Psychology. Beijing: Communication University of China Press. 2008.
Chen, L. (2007). Causes of internet addiction among college students and prevention and intervention measures. Private Higher Education Research, 2007(1):5.
Chen, Z. X. (2012). Strengthening the Supervision of the Quality of Online-sold Goods. Biweekly of Industrial and Commercial Administration, 2012(22):72-74.
CNNIC. (2022). The 50th Statistical Report on China’s Internet Development. China Internet Network Information Center. (2022-08-31). Available at: https://www.cnnic.cn/NMediaFile/2022/0926/MAIN1664183425619U2MS433V3V.pdf
Cui, L. J., & Zhao, X. (2004). Setting criteria for internet addiction using Angoff’s method. Journal of Psychological Science, 2004(3):721-723. DOI: https://doi.org/10.16719/j.cnki.1671-6981.2004.03.054
Dai, R. Q., & Zhang, F. G. (2015). Pathways to the improvement of internet literacy in college students: Based on the core socialist values. Journal of Hubei Open Vocational College, 2015(7):37-38.
Deng, W. H., Wang, L. J., Wang, J, Yang, S. W., & Shi, Y. F. (2022). The current state of internet use and internet addiction among junior college students. Science & Technology Vision, 2022(6):127-129. DOI: https://doi.org/10.19694/j.cnki.issn2095-2457.2022.06.40
Dong, H. L., & Dai, S. (2003). A questionnaire survey and analysis of college student online morality and behavior. Journal of Branch School of Southern Medical University, 2003(2):129-131.
Du, Q. (2018). The transformation of social ideas in the context of virtual social interaction. China Journal of Multimedia and Network Teaching, 2018(7):163-164.
Guan, G. C. (2021). The cultivation of healthy internet mentality in college students from the perspective of cyber ideological security. Theory and Practice of Contemporary Education, 2021(4):114-118. DOI: https://doi.org/10.13582/j.cnki. 1674-5884.2021.04.019
He, Y. (2020). The current state of internet addiction among college students and preventive countermeasures: A case study of college students in Jiangsu Province. Industrial and Science Tribune, 2020(14):111-112.
Hsieh, K. Y., Hsiao, R. C., Yang, Y. H., Lee, K. H., & Yen, C. F. (2019). Relationship between self-identity confusion and internet addiction among college students: the mediating effects of psychological inflexibility and experiential avoidance. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16(17):3225. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390%2Fijerph16173225
Huang, D. P. (2009). The impact of the internet on college students. Science Mosaic, 2009(10):2.
Huang, L. D., & Shen, X. C. (2011). Expand the sources of knowledge and improve the ability to utilize information: The avenues and methods for college students to effectively access internet information resources. Huaiyin Normal University’s Education Science Forum (Z1).
Huang, S. H. (2002). The game of reshaping oneself: interpersonal communication in the cyberspace. Lanzhou: Lanzhou University Press. 2002.
Huang, S.H., Chen, Y. J., Zhou, Q. A., & Wang, Y. R. (2020). Boredom Proneness and online gaming addiction of university freshmen: The moderating role of meaning in life. China Journal of Health Psychology, 2020(4):580-585. DOI: https://doi.org/10.13342/j.cnki.cjhp.2020.04.022
Jiang, N. N., & Gu, H. G. (2005). Online behavior, attitudes, and personality traits of college students. Journal of Psychological Science, 28(1):3.
Liu, C. Y., & Chen, Y. H. (2009). An investigation into college student internet dependence: A case study of the survey on internet addiction among students with Renmin University of China. China Youth Study, 2009(11):64-67+47. DOI: https://doi.org/10.19633/j.cnki.11-2579/d.2009.11.014
Liu, Q., Zhang, P., Li, R. P., Li, S. J., & Li, S. (2006). The impact of internet addiction on physical and mental health of college students. Journal of Medical Forum, 2006(15):18-19.
Mihara, S., & Higuchi, S. (2017). Cross-sectional and longitudinal epidemiological studies of Internet gaming disorder: A systematic review of the literature. Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, 71(7):425-444. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/pcn.12532
Mo, X. L. (2018). The impact of the internet on the identification with mainstream culture in college students and coping measures. Think Tank Era, 2018(29):2.
Rao, C. P. (2005). The Legal System for the Internet. Beijing: People’s Court Press. 2005.
Ren, T. T., & Liu, J. (2019). Internet addiction among Kazakh college students in Xinjiang agricultural and pastoral areas and influencing factors. Modern Preventive Medicine, 2019(11):2004-2008.
Shao, Y. J., Zheng, T., Wang, Y. Q., Liu, L., Chen, Y., & Yao, Y. S. (2018). Internet addiction detection rate among college students in the People’s Republic of China: A meta-analysis. Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health, 12(1):1-10. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13034-018-0231-6
Song, J. X., Dong, H. L., & Han, W. Y. (2011). Internet addiction among college students and countermeasures. Modern Education Management, 2011(6):94-96. DOI: https://doi.org/10.16697/j.cnki.xdjygl.2011.06.023
Tao, G. F. (2005). Social Psychology of College Students. Shanghai: East China University of Science and Technology Pres. 2005.
Tao, R. (2007). Analysis of internet addiction and intervention. Shanghai: Shanghai People’s Publishing House.
Tao, R., Huang, X. Q., Wang, J. N., Liu, C. Y., Zhang, H. M., Xiao, L. J., & Yao, S. M. (2008). The formulation of clinical diagnostic criteria for internet addiction. Medical Journal of Chinese People’s Liberation Army, 33(10):4
Wang, H. (2022). The influence of parenting style on college student internet addiction and educational countermeasures (master's thesis). Heilongjiang University. Available at: https://kns.cnki.net/KCMS/detail/detail.aspx?dbname=CMFD202202&filename=1022039337.nh
Wang, H. B., & Hu, X. (2013). The current state of college students’ online social interaction. Studies in Ideological Education, 2013(11):75-77.
Wang, S. M. (2012). The harm of internet addiction to college students and countermeasures. People’s Tribune, 2012(29):144-146. DOI: https://doi.org/10.16619/j.cnki. rmlt.2012.29.020
Wang, X., Jing, Z. G., & Wan, Z. (2019). The relationship between the family cultural environment and college student internet addiction. Chinese Character Culture, 2019(15):154-155. DOI: https://doi.org/10.14014/j.cnki.cn11-2597/g2.2019.15.077
Xia, J., & Sun, S. F. (2020). The governance of online pornographic information targeting minors. Journal of Guangzhou Police College, 2020(3):3-12.
Xu, X. L., Cheng, C. L., & Sun, L. J. (2010). The impact of online games on teenagers. Journal of Southeast University (Philosophy and Social Sciences), 2020(S1):7.
Yan, H. W. (2013). Online Gaming Addiction among College Students (Doctoral dissertation). Nanjing University of Science and Technology. Available at: https://kns.cnki.net/KCMS/detail/detail.aspx?dbname=CDFD1214&filename=1013354378.nh
Yang, M. M. (2015). Factors influencing online shopping addiction of college students (master’s thesis). Zhejiang Normal University. Available at: https://kns.cnki.net/KCMS/detail/detail.aspx?dbname=CMFD201601&filename=1015647259.nh
Yang, X. F., & Chen, Z. Y. (2006). The relationships between internet use, internet addiction and mental health of college students (ed.) Proceedings of the 2006 Annual Academic Conference of Chinese Psychological Society’s Special Committee of Developmental Psychology and Special Committee of Educational Psychology (pp. 148).
Yang, Z. (2009). Mental health problems of college students in the internet context. Guide of Science and Education, 2009(25):109-110.
Yang, Z. J. (2004). Internet-related psychological problems among college students and their causes (master's thesis). Northwestern Polytechnic University. Available at: https://kns.cnki.net/KCMS/detail/detail.aspx?dbname=CMFD9904&filename=2004062941.nh
Yin, J. (2014). The impact of cyber communities on people’s views of meaning in life. (master’s thesis). Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications. Available at: https://kns.cnki.net/KCMS/detail/detail.aspx?dbname=CMFD201501&filename=1015526308.nh
Young, K. S. (1998). Internet addiction: The emergence of a new clinical disorder. Cyber Psychology & Behavior, 1(3):237-244. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1089/cpb.1998.1.237
Young, K. S., Pistner, M., O'mara, J., & Buchanan, J. (1999). Cyber disorders: The mental health concern for the new millennium. Cyberpsychology & Behavior, 2(5):475-479. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1089/cpb.1999.2.475
Yu, C. X., Man, S. Y., & Zhang, T. T. (2022). The impact of online entertainment on college students’ study and life and coping measures. Light and Textile Industries of Fujian, 2022(10):73-76.
Yuan, D. Z. (2004). College Student Internet Pornographic Behavior and Internet Pornography Addiction (master’s thesis). Hunan Normal University. Available at: https://kns.cnki.net/KCMS/detail/detail.aspx?dbname=CMFD0506&filename=2005113556.nh
Yuan, Y. J. (2018). Computerized adaptive test of internet addiction based on multi-dimensional IRT (master’s thesis). Jiangxi Normal University. Available at: https://kns.cnki.net/KCMS/detail/detail.aspx?dbname=CMFD201902&filename=1018090764.nh
Zhang, F., Shen, M. W., Xu, M., Zhu, H. Y., & Zhou, N. (2006). Structural Equation Modeling of Motives, Behaviors of Internet Use and Related Social-Psychological Health. Acta Psychologica Sinica, 2006(3):407-413. Retrieved From: https://journal.psych.ac.cn/xlxb/CN/
Zhang, J. L. (2022). The construction of the correction model for college student online gaming addiction: A study based on the survival adaptability project. Journal of Yancheng Normal University (Humanities and Social Sciences Edition), 2022(5):50-59. DOI: https://doi.org/10.16401/j.cnki.ysxb.1003-6873.2022.05.065
Zhou, L, Meng, H. Q., Qiu, H. T., & Zheng, Y. P. (2008). The relationship between college student internet addiction and home satisfaction. Journal of Chongqing Medical University, 33(4):4.
Zhou, R., & Zhou, Q. (1997). The relations between internet addiction, internet use behavior and the pleasant experience of communication. Communication Association of China, 1997(1):2-12.
Zhou, T. (2003). The relationship between college students’ social anxiety and internet addiction. Journal of Educational Science of Hunan Normal University, 2003(3):85-87.
How to Cite
Xia, X. (2023). Internet Addiction among College Students in China and Its Underlying Causes. Science Insights Education Frontiers, 16(1), 2457–2473. https://doi.org/10.15354/sief.23.re127
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