Development an Achievement Test on the Subject of “Basic Compounds in the Structure of Living Things”
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Published
Oct 31, 2023
Abstract
The aim of this study is to develop a valid and reliable achievement test on the subject of ‘Basic Compounds in the Structure of Living Things’. During the preparation of the draft form of the test, a 32 item-question pool was created by the researchers in the light of the relevant literature. Then, these questions were presented to expert opinion in terms of language, intelligibility and content. This draft test with 32 multiple choice questions, was applied to 252 students studying at three different high schools. Item difficulty and item discrimination indices were calculated for the data obtained. After the item analysis, seven questions were removed from the test. Thus, the average item difficulty of the 25-question achievement test was calculated as 0.44, and the average item discrimination was 0.44. The KR-20 reliability coefficient of the test was calculated as 0.75. This result shows that the test is of medium difficulty and excellent discriminative reliability. In addition, according to the revised Bloom taxonomy, seven of the questions in the test are at the level of remembering, fifteen at the level of understanding, two at the level of application and one at the level of evaluation.
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Keywords
Achievement, Biomolecules, Living Things, Test Development
Supporting Agencies
This study was funded by the Scientific Research Project Council of Ataturk University by the Grant SYL-2022-10791. Additionally, it was sent for presenting at the 15th National Science and Mathematics Education Congress, Kars, Turkey.
References
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Ada, S. & Baysal, Z.N. (2018). Sınıf Yönetimi [Classroom Management]. Nobel publising. ISBN: 978-605-320-860-0. pp. 6-7.
Akbulut, H. İ. & Çepni, S. (2013). How to develop an achievement test for a unit? Elementary 7th grade force and motion unit.
Amasya Education Journal, 2(1):18-44.
Assimi, E., Idrissi, R.J., Zerhane, R., & Boubih, S. (2022). The use of a three-tier diagnostic test to investigate conceptions related to cell biology concepts among pre-service teachers of life and earth sciences. Journal of Biological Education, 2022:2134175. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00219266.2022.2134175
Atılgan, H., Kan, A., & Doğan, N. (2013). Eğitimde Ölçme ve Değerlendirme [Measurement and Evaluation in Education]. Anı publishing. ISBN: 978-9944-474-80-1. pp. 316.
Avcı, F. (2020). An achievement test matter and heat based on renewed Bloom taxonomy: Validity reliability study. Iğdır University Journal of Social Sciences, 21: 263-292.
Ayvacı, H. Ş., & Türkdoğan, A. (2010). Examining the written questions of science and technology course according to the restructured Bloom taxonomy. Journal of Turkish Science Education, 7(1):13-25. DOI: https://doi.org/10.17121/ressjournal.302
Bolat, A., & Karamustafaoğlu, S. (2019). Development achievement of test on the unit “Systems in Our Body”: Validity and reliability. Gazi Journal of Education Sciences, 5(2): 131-159. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.30855/gjes.2019.05.02.008
Bümen, N. T. (2006). A Revision of the Bloom’s taxonomy: A turning point in curriculum development. Education and Science, 31(142): 3-14.
Çakır, H., & Arı, G. A. (2022). Development and validation of an achievement test in biology. Journal of Social Sciences and Education, 5(1):64-75.
Çalık, M., & Ayas, A. (2003). Preparing and applying concept achievement test in solutions. Pamukkale University Journal of Education, 2(14):1-17.
Can Şen, H. & Eryılmaz, A. (2011). An achievement test development study: Reliability and validity investigation of simple electric circuits achievement test. Van Yuzuncu Yil University Journal of the Faculty of Education, 8(1):1-39.
Duran, V., & Barut, Y. (2019). Erken Çocuklukta Fen Eğitimi [Early Childhood Science Education]. Nobel publishing. ISBN: 978-605-7846-52-5. pp. 10.
Gökçe, B. (1996). Türkiye’nin Toplumsal Yapısı ve Toplumsal Kurumlar [Turkey’s Social Structure and Social Institutions]. Savaş publishing. ISBN: 9786057867285. pp:373.
Görmüş, G. (2021). Dolaşım sistemi konusunun öğretiminde bağlam temelli öğrenme yaklaşımındaki react stratejisine göre hazırlanan etkinliklerin öğrencilerin öğrenme ürünleri üzerine etkisi. Master thesis, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun.
Gündüz, Y. (2009). Analysis of primary school 6, 7 and 8. grades science and technology questions according to measurement scales and Bloom’s taxonomy of the cognitive domain. Van Yuzuncu Yil University Journal of the Faculty of Education, 6(2): 150-165.
Haladyna, T. M. (1997). Writing Test Items to Evaluate Higher Order Thinking. Pearson publishing. ISBN-10:0205178758. pp: 272.
Hançer, M., Aydoğan, N., & Çankaya, Ö. (2021). Development of a success test for measuring basic laboratory science knowledge of science teacher candidates: Validity and reliability analysis. International Journal of Education Science and Technology, 7(1):57-76. DOI: https://doi.org/10.47714/uebt.837550
Kaptan, F. (1999). Fen Bilgisi Öğretimi [Science Teaching]. National Education Publishing. ISBN: 975.11.1729.1. pp: 22.
Kargın, P. D., & Gül, Ş. (2021). Development of an achievement test for sixth grade body systems and health unit. Ihlara Journal of Educational Research, 6(1):1-26. DOI: https://doi.org/10.47479/ihead.729412
Karslı, G., Karamustafaoğlu, S., & Kurt, M. (2019). Achievement test of the 7th class “Cells and Divisions” unit for the renewed science curriculum: Validity and reliability. Journal of Science Teaching, 7(1):68-98.
Kaya, S., & Gül, Ş. (2020). The development of the achievement test for 11th graders about the “digestive system”. International Journal of Social and Educational Sciences, 7(13):72-97. DOI: https://doi.org/10.20860/ijoses.701311
Kızkapan, O., & Bektaş, O. (2018). Development of an achievement test in science education: Example of cell division and inheritance. International Journal of Educational Sciences, 2(1):1-18.
Koğar, E. Y. (2022). Suggestions for designing multıple choice items for high-order thinking skills with examples from the healthcare field. Journal of Nursology, 25(2):117-125. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5152/JANHS.2022.875827
Krathwohl, D. R. (2002). A Revision of Bloom’s taxonomy: An overview. Theory into Practice, 41(4): 212-264.
McMillan, J.H. & Schumacher, S. (2010). Research in Education: Evidence-Based Inquiry. Pearson publishing. ISBN-13: 978-0-13-136418-8. pp: 235.
Ministry of National Education [MoNE] (2018). Ortaöğretim kurumları biyoloji dersi öğretim program, Talim terbiye kurulu başkanlığı [Secondary education institutions biology course curriculum, Education and training board presidency]. 24 June, Available at: http://mufredat.meb.gov.tr/Dosyalar/20182215535566-Biyoloji%20d%C3%B6p.pdf
Nacaroğlu, O., Bektaş, O., & Kızkapan, O. (2020). Developing an achievement test for matter cycles and environmental problems: A validity and reliability study. Kastamonu Education Journal, 28(1):36-51. DOI: https://doi.org/10.24106/kefdergi.3374
Özcan, H., Koca, E., & Söğüt, M. (2019). Development of an instrument for measuring secondary school students’ understanding of pressure. Journal of Research in Education and Society, 6(1):130-144.
Özkan, S. & Yadigaroğlu, M. (2020). Development of achievement test: A validity and reliability research for acid-base achievement test. Turkish Studies-Education, 15(2):1141-1163. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.29228/TurkishStudies.41734
Saraçoğlu Yıldırım, Ö. (2021). 8. sınıf öğrencileri için okuduğunu anlama becerisine ilişkin başarı testi geliştirme ve testin LGS’yi yordama düzeyi. Master thesis, Selcuk University, Konya.
Şentürk, Ö. Ç., & Selvi, M. (2021). Science course “Human And Environment” unit academic achievement test development: Reliability and validity study. Journal of Gazi Education, 41(2):601-630.
Soylu, Ü. İ., Karamustafaoğlu, S., & Karamustafaoğlu, O. (2020). 6th grade “matter and heat” unit achievement test development: validity and reliability. Ihlara Journal of Educational Research, 5(2): 271-293. DOI: https://doi.org/10.47479/ihead.800620
Timur, S., Doğan, F., İmer-Çetin, N., Timur, B., & Işık, R. (2019). Developing achievement test on cell subject for 6th grade: A validity and reliability study. Cukurova University Faculty of Education Journal, 48(2):1202-1219. DOI: https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/cuefd
Treagust, D.F. (1988). Development and use of diagnostic tests to evaluate students’ misconceptions in science. International Journal of Science Education, 10(2):159-169.
Tunç, T., & Kılınç-Alpat, S. (2015). Developing a valid and reliable chemistry achievement test in electrochemistry. Journal of Higher Education and Science, 5(3):347-360. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5961/jhes.2015.136
Üçüncü, G., & Sakız, G. (2020). The phases of achievement test development: The case of fourth-grade introduction to matter unit. Kastamonu Education Journal, 28(1):82-94. DOI: https://doi.org/10.24106/kefdergi.3440
Webb, N. L. (1997). Determining alignment of expectations and assessments in mathematics and science education. NISE Brief, 1(2): 1-8. Madison, WI: University of Wisconsin-Madison, National Institute for Science Education.
Ada, S. & Baysal, Z.N. (2018). Sınıf Yönetimi [Classroom Management]. Nobel publising. ISBN: 978-605-320-860-0. pp. 6-7.
Akbulut, H. İ. & Çepni, S. (2013). How to develop an achievement test for a unit? Elementary 7th grade force and motion unit.
Amasya Education Journal, 2(1):18-44.
Assimi, E., Idrissi, R.J., Zerhane, R., & Boubih, S. (2022). The use of a three-tier diagnostic test to investigate conceptions related to cell biology concepts among pre-service teachers of life and earth sciences. Journal of Biological Education, 2022:2134175. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00219266.2022.2134175
Atılgan, H., Kan, A., & Doğan, N. (2013). Eğitimde Ölçme ve Değerlendirme [Measurement and Evaluation in Education]. Anı publishing. ISBN: 978-9944-474-80-1. pp. 316.
Avcı, F. (2020). An achievement test matter and heat based on renewed Bloom taxonomy: Validity reliability study. Iğdır University Journal of Social Sciences, 21: 263-292.
Ayvacı, H. Ş., & Türkdoğan, A. (2010). Examining the written questions of science and technology course according to the restructured Bloom taxonomy. Journal of Turkish Science Education, 7(1):13-25. DOI: https://doi.org/10.17121/ressjournal.302
Bolat, A., & Karamustafaoğlu, S. (2019). Development achievement of test on the unit “Systems in Our Body”: Validity and reliability. Gazi Journal of Education Sciences, 5(2): 131-159. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.30855/gjes.2019.05.02.008
Bümen, N. T. (2006). A Revision of the Bloom’s taxonomy: A turning point in curriculum development. Education and Science, 31(142): 3-14.
Çakır, H., & Arı, G. A. (2022). Development and validation of an achievement test in biology. Journal of Social Sciences and Education, 5(1):64-75.
Çalık, M., & Ayas, A. (2003). Preparing and applying concept achievement test in solutions. Pamukkale University Journal of Education, 2(14):1-17.
Can Şen, H. & Eryılmaz, A. (2011). An achievement test development study: Reliability and validity investigation of simple electric circuits achievement test. Van Yuzuncu Yil University Journal of the Faculty of Education, 8(1):1-39.
Duran, V., & Barut, Y. (2019). Erken Çocuklukta Fen Eğitimi [Early Childhood Science Education]. Nobel publishing. ISBN: 978-605-7846-52-5. pp. 10.
Gökçe, B. (1996). Türkiye’nin Toplumsal Yapısı ve Toplumsal Kurumlar [Turkey’s Social Structure and Social Institutions]. Savaş publishing. ISBN: 9786057867285. pp:373.
Görmüş, G. (2021). Dolaşım sistemi konusunun öğretiminde bağlam temelli öğrenme yaklaşımındaki react stratejisine göre hazırlanan etkinliklerin öğrencilerin öğrenme ürünleri üzerine etkisi. Master thesis, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun.
Gündüz, Y. (2009). Analysis of primary school 6, 7 and 8. grades science and technology questions according to measurement scales and Bloom’s taxonomy of the cognitive domain. Van Yuzuncu Yil University Journal of the Faculty of Education, 6(2): 150-165.
Haladyna, T. M. (1997). Writing Test Items to Evaluate Higher Order Thinking. Pearson publishing. ISBN-10:0205178758. pp: 272.
Hançer, M., Aydoğan, N., & Çankaya, Ö. (2021). Development of a success test for measuring basic laboratory science knowledge of science teacher candidates: Validity and reliability analysis. International Journal of Education Science and Technology, 7(1):57-76. DOI: https://doi.org/10.47714/uebt.837550
Kaptan, F. (1999). Fen Bilgisi Öğretimi [Science Teaching]. National Education Publishing. ISBN: 975.11.1729.1. pp: 22.
Kargın, P. D., & Gül, Ş. (2021). Development of an achievement test for sixth grade body systems and health unit. Ihlara Journal of Educational Research, 6(1):1-26. DOI: https://doi.org/10.47479/ihead.729412
Karslı, G., Karamustafaoğlu, S., & Kurt, M. (2019). Achievement test of the 7th class “Cells and Divisions” unit for the renewed science curriculum: Validity and reliability. Journal of Science Teaching, 7(1):68-98.
Kaya, S., & Gül, Ş. (2020). The development of the achievement test for 11th graders about the “digestive system”. International Journal of Social and Educational Sciences, 7(13):72-97. DOI: https://doi.org/10.20860/ijoses.701311
Kızkapan, O., & Bektaş, O. (2018). Development of an achievement test in science education: Example of cell division and inheritance. International Journal of Educational Sciences, 2(1):1-18.
Koğar, E. Y. (2022). Suggestions for designing multıple choice items for high-order thinking skills with examples from the healthcare field. Journal of Nursology, 25(2):117-125. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5152/JANHS.2022.875827
Krathwohl, D. R. (2002). A Revision of Bloom’s taxonomy: An overview. Theory into Practice, 41(4): 212-264.
McMillan, J.H. & Schumacher, S. (2010). Research in Education: Evidence-Based Inquiry. Pearson publishing. ISBN-13: 978-0-13-136418-8. pp: 235.
Ministry of National Education [MoNE] (2018). Ortaöğretim kurumları biyoloji dersi öğretim program, Talim terbiye kurulu başkanlığı [Secondary education institutions biology course curriculum, Education and training board presidency]. 24 June, Available at: http://mufredat.meb.gov.tr/Dosyalar/20182215535566-Biyoloji%20d%C3%B6p.pdf
Nacaroğlu, O., Bektaş, O., & Kızkapan, O. (2020). Developing an achievement test for matter cycles and environmental problems: A validity and reliability study. Kastamonu Education Journal, 28(1):36-51. DOI: https://doi.org/10.24106/kefdergi.3374
Özcan, H., Koca, E., & Söğüt, M. (2019). Development of an instrument for measuring secondary school students’ understanding of pressure. Journal of Research in Education and Society, 6(1):130-144.
Özkan, S. & Yadigaroğlu, M. (2020). Development of achievement test: A validity and reliability research for acid-base achievement test. Turkish Studies-Education, 15(2):1141-1163. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.29228/TurkishStudies.41734
Saraçoğlu Yıldırım, Ö. (2021). 8. sınıf öğrencileri için okuduğunu anlama becerisine ilişkin başarı testi geliştirme ve testin LGS’yi yordama düzeyi. Master thesis, Selcuk University, Konya.
Şentürk, Ö. Ç., & Selvi, M. (2021). Science course “Human And Environment” unit academic achievement test development: Reliability and validity study. Journal of Gazi Education, 41(2):601-630.
Soylu, Ü. İ., Karamustafaoğlu, S., & Karamustafaoğlu, O. (2020). 6th grade “matter and heat” unit achievement test development: validity and reliability. Ihlara Journal of Educational Research, 5(2): 271-293. DOI: https://doi.org/10.47479/ihead.800620
Timur, S., Doğan, F., İmer-Çetin, N., Timur, B., & Işık, R. (2019). Developing achievement test on cell subject for 6th grade: A validity and reliability study. Cukurova University Faculty of Education Journal, 48(2):1202-1219. DOI: https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/cuefd
Treagust, D.F. (1988). Development and use of diagnostic tests to evaluate students’ misconceptions in science. International Journal of Science Education, 10(2):159-169.
Tunç, T., & Kılınç-Alpat, S. (2015). Developing a valid and reliable chemistry achievement test in electrochemistry. Journal of Higher Education and Science, 5(3):347-360. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5961/jhes.2015.136
Üçüncü, G., & Sakız, G. (2020). The phases of achievement test development: The case of fourth-grade introduction to matter unit. Kastamonu Education Journal, 28(1):82-94. DOI: https://doi.org/10.24106/kefdergi.3440
Webb, N. L. (1997). Determining alignment of expectations and assessments in mathematics and science education. NISE Brief, 1(2): 1-8. Madison, WI: University of Wisconsin-Madison, National Institute for Science Education.
How to Cite
Yalinkilic, F., & Gul, S. (2023). Development an Achievement Test on the Subject of “Basic Compounds in the Structure of Living Things” . Science Insights Education Frontiers, 18(2), 2905–2925. https://doi.org/10.15354/sief.23.or420
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