The Five-Level Education and Teaching Research System: A Distinctively Chinese Research Mechanism for Basic Education
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Published
Mar 25, 2024
Abstract
China’s five-level education and teaching research system (ETRS) has been instrumental in advancing Chinese basic education. It includes the central-, provincial-, municipal-, and county-level education and teaching research institutions and school-based teaching research offices, which jointly contribute to the enhancement of the quality of education and teacher professional development. There is close collaboration as well as a clear division of responsibility among these institutions. This article expounds on the ETRS’s functions and characteristics, shedding light on its significance for Chinese basic education with a view to providing implications for global education development.
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Keywords
The Five-Level Education and Teaching Research System, Teacher Professional Development, Quality of Basic Education, China
References
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Huo, G. & Yu, C. (2023). The Roles and Functions of County-level Education and Teaching Research Institutions: Based on the Analysis of Relevant Work Records of Nine Education and Teaching Research Centers in H City. Teaching Monthly (Secondary School Edition), 2023(3):9-12. Available at: https://www.zhangqiaokeyan.com/academic-journal-cn_detail_thesis/02012100895478.html
Jiang, J. (2023). A Case Study of Kindergarten-based Thematic Teaching Research (master’s thesis). Guangxi Normal University. Available at: https://link.cnki.net/doi/10.27036/d.cnki.ggxsu.2023.001725
Jiang, X. (2021). Digital Development and Transformation in Basic Education in the United States (1958-2018) (doctoral dissertation). Fujian Normal University. DOI: https://doi.org/10.27019/d.cnki.gfjsu.2021.001074
Li, M. (2018). A Case Study of the Functions of County-level Education and Teaching Research Institutions under the Background of Curricular Reform (master’s thesis). East China Normal University. Available at: https://kns.cnki.net/kcms2/article/abstract?v=jd-ZW4OcutyXrGGCwXIjagj38UuS9FKhu-Pdtmj_JDk6iVSPrMQQficroUalkv8ucDtl5AfWITmgda2V7V7TbgCw3GaBKdkExY8xSEhMcnfsr5QC2iZM_GyZTb9M7CaTtgy5PPGZCRygacB_hMolGQ=uniplatform=NZKPTlanguage=CHS
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Luan, H. (2022). Innovative Chinese Language Education in Sixia Primary School (doctoral dissertation). Yangzhou University. DOI: https://doi.org/10.27441/d.cnki.gyzdu.2022.000804
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Ministry of Education of China. (2019). Opinions on Strengthening and Improving Educational Research for the New Era’s Basic Education. Available at: http://www.moe.gov.cn/srcsite/A06/s3321/201911/t20191128_409950.html
Ministry of Education of China. (2023). Opinion on Strengthening Science Education in Primary and Secondary Schools in the New Era. Available at: http://www.moe.gov.cn/jyb_xwfb/gzdt_gzdt/s5987/202305/t20230529_1061835
Mou, Y. (2022). Enhanced Roles of the County-level Education and Teaching Researchers from the Perspective of the Actor Network Theory (master’s thesis). Xinjiang Normal University. DOI: https://doi.org/10.27432/d.cnki.gxsfu.2022.000520
National Education Commission. (1990). Several Opinions on Improving and Strengthening the Work of Teaching Research Offices. Available at: http://edu.people.com.cn/n/2014/0305/c1053-24532321.html
National Education Commission. (1993). Minutes of the National Conference of Directors of Provincial-level Teaching Research Offices. Available at: http://www.110.com/fagui/law_117559.html
Su, J. & Liang, Z. (2015). Practical research on building a regional education research ecosystem. Tianjin: Nankai University Press.
Tang, X. (2018). Research and Practice on Modern Transformation of Regional Research, Training, and Education for School Teachers. Hangzhou: Zhejiang University Press.
Wang, H. (2010). Institutional support for education and teaching research. Studies in Early Childhood Education, 2010(3):64-66.
Wang, H. (2021). A Case Study of Paths for Professional Development of Education and Teaching Research Staff (Master’s thesis). East China Normal University. DOI: https://doi.org/10.27149/d.cnki.ghdsu.2021.001615
Wang, H. (2022). The Construction and Application of a Professional Capability Model for Vocational Education Researchers (doctoral dissertation). East China Normal University. DOI: https://doi.org/10.27149/d.cnki.ghdsu.2022.004108
Wang, Q. (2022). Multi-center Governance of International Chinese Language Instruction in the New Era (doctoral dissertation). Shandong University. Available at: https://link.cnki.net/doi/10.27272/d.cnki.gshdu.2022.006368
Wang, Y. & Hu, H. (2020). From a three-level to five-level education and teaching research system in Chinese basic education: Progress and challenges. Global Education, 49(12):66-77. Available at: https://kns.cnki.net/kcms2/article/abstract?v=5SxrylDe_PMjoRu2rGiyPnsmcXYNGyShgl9a0mbl0uFHTZjBHWv2DsFR_mYVQe9U3YjCwTXOUgA3wSJHyA6RfnO6tm1RHpK3Eq68ZKKn1PekkCUv_QfsvzZFolDlz3VqGUifc_FoqVE=&uniplatform=NZKPT&language=CHS
Xu, W. (2011). The role of the PE teaching research group in the school’s physical education. Teachers, 2011(33):13. Available at: https://kns.cnki.net/kcms2/article/abstract?v=mRajgomPiikWqDXYgVDKeEsnwFqt5VOWoryhdWouuklcIxXyhWU9IGgCukTzVhj3Rs41cYvWKAsC9JxvFQ7X5DX8ojuyGUvYOCreXaAiAXjldfaPv-9dGTTmukqf3qplrxtMwrbTyWg=&uniplatform=NZKPT&language=CHS
Yang, J. (2023). School-based teaching research in the five-level education and teaching research system. Curriculum, Teaching Materials, and Methods, 2023(4):58-66. DOI: https://doi.org/10.19877/j.cnki.kcjcjf.2023.04.005
Zheng, C. (2022). How to Enhance the Teaching Design Ability of English Teachers in a Research, Training, and Practice-integrated Learning Community (master’s thesis). Yanbian University. DOI: https://doi.org/10.27439/d.cnki.gybdu.2022.000189
Zhou, Y. (2021). School-Based Teaching Research in Primary Schools in Ethnic Minority Areas of Hainan Province (doctoral dissertation). Hunan Normal University. DOI: https://doi.org/10.27137/d.cnki.ghusu.2021.001680
Chen, J. (2022). The Current State of Teaching Research Capability of Rural Primary Teachers and Improvement Paths: From the Perspective of Educational Ecology (master’s thesis). Southwest University. DOI: https://doi.org/10.27684/d.cnki.gxndx.2022.000719
Department of Education of Guangdong Province. (2020). Opinions on Establishing and Improving the Education and Teaching
Research System for Basic Education in the New Era. Available at: https://edu.gd.gov.cn/zwgknew/gsgg/content/post_3429329.html
Department of Education of Shandong Province. (2020). Measures to Strengthen Education and Teaching Research for Basic Education in the New Era. Available at: http://edu.shandong.gov.cn/art/2020/3/4/art_124275_9094971.html
Hao, J. (2021). Teaching Research Activities in Primary and Secondary Schools: Zhejiang Province’s Experiences (master’s thesis). Zhejiang Normal University. DOI: https://doi.org/10.27464/d.cnki.gzsfu.2021.000101
Huo, G. & Yu, C. (2023). The Roles and Functions of County-level Education and Teaching Research Institutions: Based on the Analysis of Relevant Work Records of Nine Education and Teaching Research Centers in H City. Teaching Monthly (Secondary School Edition), 2023(3):9-12. Available at: https://www.zhangqiaokeyan.com/academic-journal-cn_detail_thesis/02012100895478.html
Jiang, J. (2023). A Case Study of Kindergarten-based Thematic Teaching Research (master’s thesis). Guangxi Normal University. Available at: https://link.cnki.net/doi/10.27036/d.cnki.ggxsu.2023.001725
Jiang, X. (2021). Digital Development and Transformation in Basic Education in the United States (1958-2018) (doctoral dissertation). Fujian Normal University. DOI: https://doi.org/10.27019/d.cnki.gfjsu.2021.001074
Li, M. (2018). A Case Study of the Functions of County-level Education and Teaching Research Institutions under the Background of Curricular Reform (master’s thesis). East China Normal University. Available at: https://kns.cnki.net/kcms2/article/abstract?v=jd-ZW4OcutyXrGGCwXIjagj38UuS9FKhu-Pdtmj_JDk6iVSPrMQQficroUalkv8ucDtl5AfWITmgda2V7V7TbgCw3GaBKdkExY8xSEhMcnfsr5QC2iZM_GyZTb9M7CaTtgy5PPGZCRygacB_hMolGQ=uniplatform=NZKPTlanguage=CHS
Li, P. (2021). The Implementation of Teaching Research in Primary Schools: The Status Quo and Strategies (master’s thesis). Dali University. DOI: https://doi.org/10.27811/d.cnki.gdixy.2021.000033
Li, W. & Jiang, L. (2022). China’s education and teaching research system for basic education: The history, features, and prospects. Journal of Teaching and Management, 2022(19):1-6. Available at: https://kns.cnki.net/kcms2/article/abstract?v=5SxrylDe_PMHbve_0Ucv-M7dPLD2_VSizD1cGHR9KpTQMC_yXPHFkR2NW5gqOWFKBVH5-xRdPkIXkNr0Xw85uNY3z4SSHlvgxSggcOKU7xQWukleyhZdvzgsNw1owe0_-iN52s6ZE=&uniplatform=NZKPT&language=CHS
Liu, H. (2018). The Implementation of Foreign Language Education Policies in China (doctoral dissertation). Shanghai Foreign Studies University. Available at: https://kns.cnki.net/kcms2/article/abstract?v=mRajgomPiinVfUs7iDT7HpabTPnt0mDTJteHXQgf6cGaeDMhIy4fsi3TbTy47K-FuzA0LZzYxO5nZ2SJnjWZ5fhu8YMcJqrcziEpWPjIEgJBNqd90CdkJRNIbpUXb877zz0QuJ8xjmRFnUA1FM4kwg==uniplatform=NZKPTlanguage=CHS
Liu, W. (2024). Professional Development of Teaching Research Staff Based on the Professional Learning Community: A Case Study of the Education and Teaching Research Office of X County in Henan Province (doctoral dissertation). Southwest University. Available at: https://d.wanfangdata.com.cn/thesis/Y2308819
Luan, H. (2022). Innovative Chinese Language Education in Sixia Primary School (doctoral dissertation). Yangzhou University. DOI: https://doi.org/10.27441/d.cnki.gyzdu.2022.000804
Mao, L. (1989). A General History of Chinese Education (Volume 6). Jinan: Shandong Education Press. Available at: http://hn.sslibrary.com/showbook.do?dxNumber=10091666&d=1F0B57757905671EE28D423983CE0BBB&fFenleiID=0G405290
Ministry of Education of China. (2010). Opinions on Intensifying the Reform of Basic Education Curricula and Advancing Competence-focused Education. Available at: http://www.moe.gov.cn/srcsite/A26/s7054/201006/t20100601_92800.html
Ministry of Education of China. (2019). Opinions on Strengthening and Improving Educational Research for the New Era’s Basic Education. Available at: http://www.moe.gov.cn/srcsite/A06/s3321/201911/t20191128_409950.html
Ministry of Education of China. (2023). Opinion on Strengthening Science Education in Primary and Secondary Schools in the New Era. Available at: http://www.moe.gov.cn/jyb_xwfb/gzdt_gzdt/s5987/202305/t20230529_1061835
Mou, Y. (2022). Enhanced Roles of the County-level Education and Teaching Researchers from the Perspective of the Actor Network Theory (master’s thesis). Xinjiang Normal University. DOI: https://doi.org/10.27432/d.cnki.gxsfu.2022.000520
National Education Commission. (1990). Several Opinions on Improving and Strengthening the Work of Teaching Research Offices. Available at: http://edu.people.com.cn/n/2014/0305/c1053-24532321.html
National Education Commission. (1993). Minutes of the National Conference of Directors of Provincial-level Teaching Research Offices. Available at: http://www.110.com/fagui/law_117559.html
Su, J. & Liang, Z. (2015). Practical research on building a regional education research ecosystem. Tianjin: Nankai University Press.
Tang, X. (2018). Research and Practice on Modern Transformation of Regional Research, Training, and Education for School Teachers. Hangzhou: Zhejiang University Press.
Wang, H. (2010). Institutional support for education and teaching research. Studies in Early Childhood Education, 2010(3):64-66.
Wang, H. (2021). A Case Study of Paths for Professional Development of Education and Teaching Research Staff (Master’s thesis). East China Normal University. DOI: https://doi.org/10.27149/d.cnki.ghdsu.2021.001615
Wang, H. (2022). The Construction and Application of a Professional Capability Model for Vocational Education Researchers (doctoral dissertation). East China Normal University. DOI: https://doi.org/10.27149/d.cnki.ghdsu.2022.004108
Wang, Q. (2022). Multi-center Governance of International Chinese Language Instruction in the New Era (doctoral dissertation). Shandong University. Available at: https://link.cnki.net/doi/10.27272/d.cnki.gshdu.2022.006368
Wang, Y. & Hu, H. (2020). From a three-level to five-level education and teaching research system in Chinese basic education: Progress and challenges. Global Education, 49(12):66-77. Available at: https://kns.cnki.net/kcms2/article/abstract?v=5SxrylDe_PMjoRu2rGiyPnsmcXYNGyShgl9a0mbl0uFHTZjBHWv2DsFR_mYVQe9U3YjCwTXOUgA3wSJHyA6RfnO6tm1RHpK3Eq68ZKKn1PekkCUv_QfsvzZFolDlz3VqGUifc_FoqVE=&uniplatform=NZKPT&language=CHS
Xu, W. (2011). The role of the PE teaching research group in the school’s physical education. Teachers, 2011(33):13. Available at: https://kns.cnki.net/kcms2/article/abstract?v=mRajgomPiikWqDXYgVDKeEsnwFqt5VOWoryhdWouuklcIxXyhWU9IGgCukTzVhj3Rs41cYvWKAsC9JxvFQ7X5DX8ojuyGUvYOCreXaAiAXjldfaPv-9dGTTmukqf3qplrxtMwrbTyWg=&uniplatform=NZKPT&language=CHS
Yang, J. (2023). School-based teaching research in the five-level education and teaching research system. Curriculum, Teaching Materials, and Methods, 2023(4):58-66. DOI: https://doi.org/10.19877/j.cnki.kcjcjf.2023.04.005
Zheng, C. (2022). How to Enhance the Teaching Design Ability of English Teachers in a Research, Training, and Practice-integrated Learning Community (master’s thesis). Yanbian University. DOI: https://doi.org/10.27439/d.cnki.gybdu.2022.000189
Zhou, Y. (2021). School-Based Teaching Research in Primary Schools in Ethnic Minority Areas of Hainan Province (doctoral dissertation). Hunan Normal University. DOI: https://doi.org/10.27137/d.cnki.ghusu.2021.001680
How to Cite
Zhou, Y. (2024). The Five-Level Education and Teaching Research System: A Distinctively Chinese Research Mechanism for Basic Education. Science Insights Education Frontiers, 21(1), 3349–3361. https://doi.org/10.15354/sief.24.re342
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