Investigation of 7th and 8th Grade Middle School Students’ Environmental Ethics Attitude Levels in Relation to Different Variables
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Published
Oct 29, 2022
Abstract
One way to increase people’s positive behaviors toward nature is to ensure that students gain environmental ethics attitude concerning environmental issues. In this regard, the current study investigates the 7th and 8th-grade students’ environmental ethics attitude levels in relation to some variables (grade level, gender, school type). The study employed the survey model, one of the quantitative methods. The current research’s sampling was selected using the stratified sampling method. A total of 723 students (349 seventh graders and 374 eighth graders) attending middle school participated in the current study. The “Environmental Ethics Attitude Scale” was used as a data collection tool in this research. The findings of the current study have revealed that the 7th and 8th-grade students’ environmental ethics attitude levels vary significantly depending on gender in favor of the female students (U(142857) = 560.34; p < 0.001). Moreover, no statistically significant difference was found between the environmental ethics attitude levels of the 7th graders and 8th graders (U(124827) = 63752.00; p > 0.05). In addition, no statistically significant difference was found between the environmental ethics attitude level of the students attending schools located in peripheral districts of the city and that of the students attending schools located in the central districts of the city (U(191838)) = 48993; p > 0.05). The seventh-grade and eighth-grade students’ eccentric environmental ethics attitude mean score and anthropocentric environmental ethics attitude mean score were very close to each other. This shows that the students have environmental ethics attitude yet cannot give up anthropocentric behaviors. Similar studies can be conducted with students from different grade levels.
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Keywords
Environmental Ethics, Attitude, Gender, Grade Level, Middle School, Type of School
References
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Alpak Tunç, G. (2016). Fen bilgisi öğretmen adaylarının çevreye yönelik etik yaklaşımları ile sürdürülebilir çevreye yönelik tutumlarının incelenmesi [Investigation of prospective science teachers’ ethical approach towards environment with attitudes towards sustainable environment]. (Master’s Thesis), Adnan Menderes University, Aydın.
Bülbül, S. (2013). Fen bilgisi öğretmen adaylarının çevre etiği algıları üzerine bir araştırma [A Research on preservice science teachers’ perceptions of environmental ethics]. (Master’s thesis), Gazi University, Ankara. Available at: https://dspace.gazi.edu.tr/handle/20.500.12602/188927
Des Jardins, J.R. (2006). Çevre etiğ: Çevre felsefesine giriş [Environmental ethics: introduction to environmental philosophy] (Keleş, R.Translated.), Ankara: İmge Publishing.
Dobrinski, L.N. (2008). Views of environmental educators on teaching environmental education, Master of Education Thesis, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada. Available at: https://qspace.library.queensu.ca/handle/1974/1594
Erciş, A. & Türk, B. (2016). Etik çerçevesinde tüketim, tüketici ve çevre: Ekolojik okuryazarlığın moderatör rolü [In the frame of ethics consumption, consumer and the environment: the moderator role of ecoliteracy]. Journal of Çukurova University Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, 20(2):1-24. Avalable at: https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/cuiibfd/issue/34645/385945
Eric and Türk (2016)
Fredericks, S. E. (2008). Environmental ethics across worldviews: An assessment of sustainable energy development indexes. (Ph.D. dissertation). Boston University, Boston, MA.
Goralnik, A.K. (2011). Field Phılosophy: Experıence, relatıonshipsand environmental ethics in higher education, (Ph.D. dissertation). Michigan State University, Michigan.
Gürbüzoğlu Yalmancı, S. (2015). Çevreye yönelik etik tutum ölçeğinin geliştirilmesi: Geçerlik güvenirlik çalışmaları [Development of the environmental ethics attitude scale: the study of validity and reliability]. Turkish Journal of Education (TURJE), 4(2):29-40. Available at: https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/160551
Kayaer, M. (2013). Çevre ve etik yaklaşımlar [Environment and ethical approaches]. Siyaset, Ekonomi ve Yönetim Araştırmaları Dergisi, 1(2):63-76. Available at: https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/1025381
Keleş, Ö. & Özer, N. (2016). Determination of pre-service science teachers’level of awareness of environmental ethics in relation to different variables. International Journal of Environmental & Science Education, 11(14):7286-7297. Available at: https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ1115711
Keleş, Ö. (2007). Sürdürülebilir yaşama yönelik çevre eğitimi aracı olarak ekolojik ayak izinin uygulanması ve değerlendirilmesi [Applıication and evaluation of ecological footprint as an environmental education tool towards sustainable life]. (Ph.D. dissertation). Gazi Üniversity, Ankara. Available at: https://tez.yok.gov.tr/UlusalTezMerkezi/tezDetay.jsp?id=3YwyXFnoCphwAqxte0dINg&no=QJQ46CAQGJzLTv0eRakkWw
Kopnina, H. (2012). Education for sustainable development (ESD): the turn away from “environment” in environmental education? Environmental Education Research, 18(5):699-717. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/13504622.2012.658028
Şimşek, C.L. (2011). Fen ve teknoloji dersi öğretim programı ve ders kitaplarındaki çevre konularının etik ve estetik değerler açısından incelenmesi [Examination of environmental issues in science and technology curriculum and textbooks in terms of ethical and aesthetic values]. Educational Sciences: Theory and Practice, 11(4):2239-2257. Available at: https://app.trdizin.gov.tr//makale/TVRJMk1UTTRPQT09
McGowa & Buttrick, (2017). Teaching environmental ethics: moral considerations and legislative action. Journal of Learning in Higher Education, 13(1):49-54. Available at: https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ1139701
Mantatov, V. & Mantatova, L. (2015). Philosophical underpinnings of environmental ethics: theory of responsibility by Hans Jonas. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 214:1055-1061. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.11.704
Martin, E. & Beatley, T. (1993). Our relationship with the earth: environmental ethics in planning education. Journal of Planning Education and Research, 12:117-126. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0739456X9301200207
Mathivanan, K. & Pazhanivelu, G. (2013). A study on environmental ethics and participition in environmental activities among higher secondary students. International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, 3(6):1-4. Available at: https://www.ijsrp.org/research-paper-0613.php?rp=P181284
Ministry of National Education [MoNE]. (2018). Fen bilimleri dersi öğretim programı (İlkokul ve ortaokul 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 ve 8. sınıflar) [Science lesson curriculum (3th-8th grades)]. Available at: http://mufredat.meb.gov.tr/Dosyalar/201812312311937-
FEN%20B%C4%B0L%C4%B0MLER%C4%B0%20%C3%96%C4%9ERET%C4%B0M%20PROGRAMI2018.pdf
Nalukenge, H. (2009). Environmental ethics is key to sustainability in a contemporary society. United Kingdom: The Inter-Disciplinary Press.
Nelson, M. P. (2002). Introduction to environmental ethics. Biodiversity project ethics for a small planet: a communications handbook, 41-53. Available at: https://static1.squarespace.com/static/5c3e38fd4cde7af964606022/t/5c6109d79b747a284083d94b/1549863384688/Nelson_ESP_Intro_Chart_2002.pdf
Özdemir, O. (2012). The environmentalism of university students: Their ethical attitudes toward the environment. Hacettepe University Journal of Education, 43:373-385. Available at: http://www.efdergi.hacettepe.edu.tr/shw_artcl-376.html
Özer, N. (2015). Fen bilgisi öğretmen adaylarının çevre etiğine yönelik farkındalık düzeylerinin belirlenmesi [Determination of pre-service science teachers’ level of awareness of environmental ethics]. (Master’s thesis), Aksaray Unıversity, Aksaray. Available at: https://tez.yok.gov.tr/UlusalTezMerkezi/tezDetay.jsp?id=n7fwtr27b2cu4v66JIQWWA&no=NobVs2H19S89le8yioqm3w
Saka, M., Sürmeli, H. & Öztuna, A. (2009). Which attitudes preservice teachers’ have towards environmental ethics. Procedia Social and Behavioral Sciences, 1:2475-2479. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2009.01.437
Schlottmann, C. (2009). The conseptual foundations of environmental education: Towards a broad theory of environmental moral education. Doctor of Philosophy, New York University, New York.
Sungur, S.A. (2017). Lisans öğrencilerinin çevreye yönelik etik tutumları [Ethical attitudes of undergraduates towards environment]. The Journal of Academic Social Science, 5(41):469-479. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.16992/ASOS.12003
Taneja, N. & Gupta, K. (2015). Environmental ethics and education – a necessity to inculcate environment oriented cognizance. International Advanced Research Journal in Science, Engineering and Technology, 2(1):398-400. DOI: https://doi.org/10.17148/IARJSET
Turan, S. (2009). Eleştirel Düşünme Becerilerini Temel Alan Biyoloji Dersinin Ortaöğretim Öğrencilerinin Ekolojik Etik Yaklaşımlarına Etkisi [The effect of biology course based on critical thinking skills on ecological ethical approaches of secondary school students]. (Master’s Thesis), Dokuz Eylül University, İzmir. Available at: https://acikerisim.deu.edu.tr/xmlui/handle/20.500.12397/7242
UNESCO-UNEP. (1990). Environmentally educated teachers: priority of priorities? Connect, 15(1):1-3. Available at: https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000153574
UNESCO. (2009). World commission on the ethics of scientific knowledge and technology, The teaching of environmental ethics. 6th Ordinary Session Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 1-26. Available at: https://wayback.archive-it.org/10611/20170517054303/http://www.unesco.org/new/en/social-and-human-sciences/themes/comest/comest-sessions/sixth-ordinary-session-kuala-lumpur-2009/
Wongchantra, P. & Nuangchalerm, P. (2011). Effects of environmental ethics infusion instruction on knowledge and ethics of undergraduate students. Research Journal of Environmental Sciences, 5(1):77-81. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3923/rjes.2011.77.81
Wongchantra, P., Boujai, P., Sata, W. & Neungchalerm, P. (2008). A Development of environmetal education teaching process by using ethics ınfusşon for undergraduate students. Pakistan Journal of Social Sciences, 5(9):941-944. Available at: http://docsdrive.com/pdfs/medwelljournals/pjssci/2008/941-944.pdf
Yang, T. (2006). Towards an egalitarian global environmantal ethics, 23-45. Environmantal Ethics and International Policy, UNESCO Publishing, Paris, France. Available at: https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000148676_chi
Alpak Tunç, G. (2016). Fen bilgisi öğretmen adaylarının çevreye yönelik etik yaklaşımları ile sürdürülebilir çevreye yönelik tutumlarının incelenmesi [Investigation of prospective science teachers’ ethical approach towards environment with attitudes towards sustainable environment]. (Master’s Thesis), Adnan Menderes University, Aydın.
Bülbül, S. (2013). Fen bilgisi öğretmen adaylarının çevre etiği algıları üzerine bir araştırma [A Research on preservice science teachers’ perceptions of environmental ethics]. (Master’s thesis), Gazi University, Ankara. Available at: https://dspace.gazi.edu.tr/handle/20.500.12602/188927
Des Jardins, J.R. (2006). Çevre etiğ: Çevre felsefesine giriş [Environmental ethics: introduction to environmental philosophy] (Keleş, R.Translated.), Ankara: İmge Publishing.
Dobrinski, L.N. (2008). Views of environmental educators on teaching environmental education, Master of Education Thesis, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada. Available at: https://qspace.library.queensu.ca/handle/1974/1594
Erciş, A. & Türk, B. (2016). Etik çerçevesinde tüketim, tüketici ve çevre: Ekolojik okuryazarlığın moderatör rolü [In the frame of ethics consumption, consumer and the environment: the moderator role of ecoliteracy]. Journal of Çukurova University Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, 20(2):1-24. Avalable at: https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/cuiibfd/issue/34645/385945
Eric and Türk (2016)
Fredericks, S. E. (2008). Environmental ethics across worldviews: An assessment of sustainable energy development indexes. (Ph.D. dissertation). Boston University, Boston, MA.
Goralnik, A.K. (2011). Field Phılosophy: Experıence, relatıonshipsand environmental ethics in higher education, (Ph.D. dissertation). Michigan State University, Michigan.
Gürbüzoğlu Yalmancı, S. (2015). Çevreye yönelik etik tutum ölçeğinin geliştirilmesi: Geçerlik güvenirlik çalışmaları [Development of the environmental ethics attitude scale: the study of validity and reliability]. Turkish Journal of Education (TURJE), 4(2):29-40. Available at: https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/160551
Kayaer, M. (2013). Çevre ve etik yaklaşımlar [Environment and ethical approaches]. Siyaset, Ekonomi ve Yönetim Araştırmaları Dergisi, 1(2):63-76. Available at: https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/1025381
Keleş, Ö. & Özer, N. (2016). Determination of pre-service science teachers’level of awareness of environmental ethics in relation to different variables. International Journal of Environmental & Science Education, 11(14):7286-7297. Available at: https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ1115711
Keleş, Ö. (2007). Sürdürülebilir yaşama yönelik çevre eğitimi aracı olarak ekolojik ayak izinin uygulanması ve değerlendirilmesi [Applıication and evaluation of ecological footprint as an environmental education tool towards sustainable life]. (Ph.D. dissertation). Gazi Üniversity, Ankara. Available at: https://tez.yok.gov.tr/UlusalTezMerkezi/tezDetay.jsp?id=3YwyXFnoCphwAqxte0dINg&no=QJQ46CAQGJzLTv0eRakkWw
Kopnina, H. (2012). Education for sustainable development (ESD): the turn away from “environment” in environmental education? Environmental Education Research, 18(5):699-717. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/13504622.2012.658028
Şimşek, C.L. (2011). Fen ve teknoloji dersi öğretim programı ve ders kitaplarındaki çevre konularının etik ve estetik değerler açısından incelenmesi [Examination of environmental issues in science and technology curriculum and textbooks in terms of ethical and aesthetic values]. Educational Sciences: Theory and Practice, 11(4):2239-2257. Available at: https://app.trdizin.gov.tr//makale/TVRJMk1UTTRPQT09
McGowa & Buttrick, (2017). Teaching environmental ethics: moral considerations and legislative action. Journal of Learning in Higher Education, 13(1):49-54. Available at: https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ1139701
Mantatov, V. & Mantatova, L. (2015). Philosophical underpinnings of environmental ethics: theory of responsibility by Hans Jonas. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 214:1055-1061. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.11.704
Martin, E. & Beatley, T. (1993). Our relationship with the earth: environmental ethics in planning education. Journal of Planning Education and Research, 12:117-126. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0739456X9301200207
Mathivanan, K. & Pazhanivelu, G. (2013). A study on environmental ethics and participition in environmental activities among higher secondary students. International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, 3(6):1-4. Available at: https://www.ijsrp.org/research-paper-0613.php?rp=P181284
Ministry of National Education [MoNE]. (2018). Fen bilimleri dersi öğretim programı (İlkokul ve ortaokul 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 ve 8. sınıflar) [Science lesson curriculum (3th-8th grades)]. Available at: http://mufredat.meb.gov.tr/Dosyalar/201812312311937-
FEN%20B%C4%B0L%C4%B0MLER%C4%B0%20%C3%96%C4%9ERET%C4%B0M%20PROGRAMI2018.pdf
Nalukenge, H. (2009). Environmental ethics is key to sustainability in a contemporary society. United Kingdom: The Inter-Disciplinary Press.
Nelson, M. P. (2002). Introduction to environmental ethics. Biodiversity project ethics for a small planet: a communications handbook, 41-53. Available at: https://static1.squarespace.com/static/5c3e38fd4cde7af964606022/t/5c6109d79b747a284083d94b/1549863384688/Nelson_ESP_Intro_Chart_2002.pdf
Özdemir, O. (2012). The environmentalism of university students: Their ethical attitudes toward the environment. Hacettepe University Journal of Education, 43:373-385. Available at: http://www.efdergi.hacettepe.edu.tr/shw_artcl-376.html
Özer, N. (2015). Fen bilgisi öğretmen adaylarının çevre etiğine yönelik farkındalık düzeylerinin belirlenmesi [Determination of pre-service science teachers’ level of awareness of environmental ethics]. (Master’s thesis), Aksaray Unıversity, Aksaray. Available at: https://tez.yok.gov.tr/UlusalTezMerkezi/tezDetay.jsp?id=n7fwtr27b2cu4v66JIQWWA&no=NobVs2H19S89le8yioqm3w
Saka, M., Sürmeli, H. & Öztuna, A. (2009). Which attitudes preservice teachers’ have towards environmental ethics. Procedia Social and Behavioral Sciences, 1:2475-2479. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2009.01.437
Schlottmann, C. (2009). The conseptual foundations of environmental education: Towards a broad theory of environmental moral education. Doctor of Philosophy, New York University, New York.
Sungur, S.A. (2017). Lisans öğrencilerinin çevreye yönelik etik tutumları [Ethical attitudes of undergraduates towards environment]. The Journal of Academic Social Science, 5(41):469-479. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.16992/ASOS.12003
Taneja, N. & Gupta, K. (2015). Environmental ethics and education – a necessity to inculcate environment oriented cognizance. International Advanced Research Journal in Science, Engineering and Technology, 2(1):398-400. DOI: https://doi.org/10.17148/IARJSET
Turan, S. (2009). Eleştirel Düşünme Becerilerini Temel Alan Biyoloji Dersinin Ortaöğretim Öğrencilerinin Ekolojik Etik Yaklaşımlarına Etkisi [The effect of biology course based on critical thinking skills on ecological ethical approaches of secondary school students]. (Master’s Thesis), Dokuz Eylül University, İzmir. Available at: https://acikerisim.deu.edu.tr/xmlui/handle/20.500.12397/7242
UNESCO-UNEP. (1990). Environmentally educated teachers: priority of priorities? Connect, 15(1):1-3. Available at: https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000153574
UNESCO. (2009). World commission on the ethics of scientific knowledge and technology, The teaching of environmental ethics. 6th Ordinary Session Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 1-26. Available at: https://wayback.archive-it.org/10611/20170517054303/http://www.unesco.org/new/en/social-and-human-sciences/themes/comest/comest-sessions/sixth-ordinary-session-kuala-lumpur-2009/
Wongchantra, P. & Nuangchalerm, P. (2011). Effects of environmental ethics infusion instruction on knowledge and ethics of undergraduate students. Research Journal of Environmental Sciences, 5(1):77-81. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3923/rjes.2011.77.81
Wongchantra, P., Boujai, P., Sata, W. & Neungchalerm, P. (2008). A Development of environmetal education teaching process by using ethics ınfusşon for undergraduate students. Pakistan Journal of Social Sciences, 5(9):941-944. Available at: http://docsdrive.com/pdfs/medwelljournals/pjssci/2008/941-944.pdf
Yang, T. (2006). Towards an egalitarian global environmantal ethics, 23-45. Environmantal Ethics and International Policy, UNESCO Publishing, Paris, France. Available at: https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000148676_chi
How to Cite
Tozdan, N., & Keleş, Özgül. (2022). Investigation of 7th and 8th Grade Middle School Students’ Environmental Ethics Attitude Levels in Relation to Different Variables. Science Insights Education Frontiers, 13(1), 1763–1775. https://doi.org/10.15354/sief.22.or064
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