Future Anticipation in Sociology
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Published
Oct 12, 2021
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4286-4440
Abstract
The ability to make forecasts about events is a goal favored by the so-called exact sciences. In sociology and other social sciences, the forecast, although often sought after, is not likely to be realized unconditionally. This article seeks to problematize and discuss the connection between sociology and forecast. The object of study of sociology has particular features that distinguish it from other scientific fields, namely facts and social situations, which deal with trends; the systems of belief of social scientists and policymakers that can influence the attempt to anticipate the future; the dissemination of information and knowledge produced by sociology and other social sciences, which have the potential to change reality and, consequently, to call into question their capacity for the social forecast. These principles pose challenges to sociology’s heuristic potentials, making the reflection on these challenges indispensable in the scientific approach to social processes.
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Keywords
Sociology, Forecasting, Prediction, Foresight, Social Change, Future
References
1. Horkheimer M. Sur le problème de la prédiction dans les sciences sociales [On the problem of prediction in the social sciences]. Variations [Online], 1933; 23. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4000/variations.1543
2. Comte A. Cours de philosophie positive. Introduction et commentaires par Florence Khodoss [Positive philosophy course. Introduction and comments by Florence Khodoss]. La Gaya Scienza. 2012.
3. Popper K. The poverty of historicism. New York: Harper & Row. 1964.
4. Serpa S, Ferreira CM. Sociology as scientific knowledge. J Educ Soc Res 2019; 9(3):178. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/jesr-2019-0035
5. Silva AS, Pinto JM. Uma visão global sobre as ciências sociais [A global view on social sciences]. In Silva AS, & Pinto JM (Orgs.), Metodologia das ciências sociais [Methodology of social sciences] 1986; (pp. 9-27). Porto: Edições Afrontamento.
6. Abrams P. Historical sociology. Ithaca: Cornell University Press. 1982.
7. Schulz M. Debatendo futuros: Tendências globais, visões alternativas e discurso público [Debating futures: Global trends, alternative views and public discourse]. Sociol Antropol 2014; 4(1):71-95. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/2238-38752014v414
8. Dator J. What futures studies are, and are not. Hawaii: University of Hawaii, Hawaii Research Center for Futures Studies. 2007.
9. Chateauraynaud F. Des prises sur le futur. Regard analytique sur l’activité visionnaire [Holds on the future. Analytical look at visionary activity]. 2012. In D. Bourg, P.-B. Joly, & A. Kaufmann (Dirs.), Retour sur la société du risque – Actes du colloque de Cerisy [A look back at the risk society – Proceedings of the Cerisy conference]. Cerisy-la-Salle, France, September 3-10, 2011. https://www.gspr-ehess.com/documents/articles/FC-Prises-sur-le-Futur-janv2012.pdf
10. Godet M, Durance P, Dias J. A prospectiva estratégica para as empresas e os territórios [Strategic foresight for companies and territories]. Paris: LIPSOR. 2008. http://www.laprospective.fr/dyn/francais/actualites/TOPOSPortugaisV190510.pdf
11. Godet M. Crise de la prévision, essor de la prospective [Forecast crisis, foresight boom]. Paris: PUF. 1977.
12. Godet M. Manual de prospectiva estratégica. Da antecipação à acção [Strategic foresight handbook. From anticipation to action]. Lisboa: Publicações D. Quixote. 1993.
13. Masini E. La previsión humana y social. Estudios sobre los futuros [The human and social foresight. Studies on futures]. Mexico City: Centro de Estudios Prospectivos de la Fundación Javier Barros Sierra/FCE. 1993.
14. Masini E, Medina Vasquez J. Scenarios as seen from a human and social perspective. Technol Forecast Soc Change 2000; 65(1):49-66. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0040-1625(99)00127-4
15. Jantsch E. La prévision technologique: Cadre, techniques et organization [Technological forecasting: Framework, techniques and organization]. Paris: OCDE. 1967.
16. Miklos T, Tello M. Planeación prospectiva. Una estratégia para el diseño del futuro [Foresight planning. A strategy for the design of the future]. Limusa: Centro de Estudios Prospectivos de la Fundación Javier Barros Sierra. 1995.
17. Rattner H. Considerações sobre tendências da futurologia contemporânea [Thoughts on trends in contemporary futurology]. Rev Administ Empres 1973; 13(3):89-103.
18. Cobos A. Hacia la sociología de los futuros [Towards the sociology of futures]. Naucalpan de Juárez, Mexico: Pearson Educación de México. 2011.
19. Ribas J. Planejamento educacional baseado em cenários prospectivos na educação à distância [Educational planning based on foresight scenarios in distance education]. Doctoral dissertation. Florianópolis: Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina. 2013.
20. Schenatto FJA, PolacinskiII E, Abreu AF, Abreu PF. Análise crítica dos estudos do futuro: Uma abordagem a partir do resgate histórico e conceitual do tema [Critical analysis of studies of the future: An approach based on the historical and conceptual rescue of the theme]. Gestão Produção 2011; 18(4):739-754. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/S0104-530X2011000400005
21. Vasquéz JM, Órtegon E. Manual de prospectiva y decisión estratégica: Bases teóricas e instrumentos para América Latina y el Caribe [Handbook of foresight and strategic decision: Theoretical bases and instruments for Latin America and the Caribbean]. Mexico City: Instituto Latinoamericano y del Caribe de Planificación Económica y Social (ILPES). Naciones Unidas, CEPAL. 2006.
22. Martin B. Technology foresight: Capturing the benefits from science-related technologies. Res Eval 1996; 6(2):158-168. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/rev/6.2.158
23. Saragoça J. Diagnóstico e prospetiva social [Diagnosis and social foresight]. Évora: Universidade de Évora. 2012.
24. Jouvenel H. La démarche prospective. Un bref guide méthodologique [The foresight approach. A brief methodological guide]. Futuribles, 1993; 179:51-71 (updated in 2002). Paris: Futuribles International.
25. Alvarenga A, Carvalho PS. Escola francesa de prospectiva no contexto dos futures studies – Da “Comissão do Ano 2000” às ferramentas de Michel Godet [French School of foresight in the context of future studies – From the “Year 2000 Committee” to Michel Godet’s tools]. Lisboa: Ministry of Environment, Spatial Planning and Regional Development – Department of Foresight and Planning. 2007.
26. Rocher G. Introducción a la sociología general [Introduction to general sociology], 12th ed. Barcelona: Herder. 1996.
27. Elias N. Introdução à sociologia [Introduction to sociology]. Lisboa: Edições 70. 1980.
28. Sztompka P. Sociología del cambio social [Sociology of social change]. Madrid: Alianza Editorial. 1995.
29. Javeau C. Lições de sociologia [Lessons of sociology]. Oeiras: Celta Editora. 1998.
30. Bootz JP, Durance P, Monti R. Foresight and knowledge management. New developments in theory and practice. Technol Forecast Soc Change 2019; 140:80-83. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2018.12.017
31. Cazes B. Prospetiva [Foresight]. In R. Boudon, P. Besnard, M. Cherkaoui, Lécuyer BP (Dirs.), Dicionário de sociologia [Dictionary of sociology] (p. 199). Lisboa: Publicações Dom Quixote. 1990.
32. Rocher G. Sociologia geral. A organização social [General sociology. The social organisation]. Lisboa: Editorial Presença. 1989.
33. Šubrt J. Ulrich Beck: The metamorphosis of the world. Histor Sociol 2018; 1:150-153. DOI: https://doi.org/10.14712/23363525.2018.44
34. Lucas R. Macroeconomic priorities. Am Econ Rev 2003; 93(1):1-14. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1257/000282803321455133
35. Haro FA. A insustentável sustentabilidade das previsões económicas: Reflexividade, etnoeconomia e neoliberalismo [The unbearable sustainability of economic predictions: Reflexivity, ethno-economics and neoliberalism]. Sociologia, Revista da Faculdade de Letras da Universidade do Porto, 2015; XXX:145-164.
36. Costa AF. Sociologia [Sociology]. Lisboa: Difusão Cultural. 1992.
37. Ferreira C., Serpa S. Challenges in the teaching of sociology in higher education. Contributions to a discussion. Societies 2017; 7(4):30. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/soc7040030
38. Serpa S, Ferreira CM. Sociological problem and social problem: Contributions to a discussion. Sociol Anthropol 2018; 6(11):840-844. DOI: https://doi.org/10.13189/sa.2018.061104
39. Merton R. Social theory and social structure. New York: Free Press. 1968.
40. Espinosa E, García J, Albero C. La sociología del conocimiento y de la ciência [Sociology of knowledge and science]. Madrid: Alianza Editorial. 1994.
41. Martins H. Risco, incerteza e escatologia: reflexões sobre o experimentum mundi tecnológico em curso (II) [Risk, uncertainty and eschatology: Reflections on the ongoing technological experimentum mundi (II)]. Episteme, 2, June-July, 1998; pp. 41-75.
42. Wynne B. Uncertainty and environmental learning: Reconceiving science and policy in the preventive paradigm. Glob Environ Change: Hum Policy Dimens 1992; 2(2):111-127. http://tbauler.pbworks.com/w/file/fetch/48548191/Wynne_uncertainty%20and%20enviornmental%20learning.pdf
43. Jerónimo H. A peritagem científica perante o risco e as incertezas [Scientific expertise in the face of risk and uncertainties]. Análise Social 2006; XLI(181):1143-1165.
44. Çifci H, Yuksel N. Foresight 6.0: The new generation of technology foresight. 2018 IEEE International Conference on Engineering, Technology and Innovation (ICE/ITMC) (pp. 1-5). Stuttgart, Germany, June 17-20, 2018. DOI: http://doi.org/10.1109/ICE.2018.8436350
45. Voros J. A generalised ‘layered methodology’ framework. Foresight 2005; 7(2):28-40.
46. Boudon R. Effets pervers et ordre social [Perverse effects and social order]. Paris: PUF. 1977.
47. Decouflé A. Traité élémentaire de prevision et de prospective [Elementary treatise on forecast and foresight]. Paris: Presses Universitaires de France. 1978.
48. Perestrelo M. Prospectiva e mudança social [Foresight and social change]. In J. Saragoça, C. A. Silva, & J. Fialho (Eds.), Prospetiva estratégica: Teoria, métodos e casos reais [Strategic foresight: Theory, methods and real cases] (pp. 111-126). Lisboa: Edições Sílabo. 2017.
49. Soares P, Chainho C, Balão A. Limites da prospetiva e potencialidade dos “estudos do futuro” em sociologia [Limits of foresight and potential of “studies of the future” in sociology]. In Atas do IX Congresso Português de Sociologia [Proceedings of the IX Portuguese Congress of Sociology]. Faro: Portuguese Association of Sociology. 2016.
50. Saragoça J, Silva C, Fialho J. Antecipação de cenários de mudança com metodologia prospectiva: Teoria e estudos empíricos [Anticipating change scenarios with foresight methodology: Theory and empirical studies]. In Sociedades en transición: Afrontando los retos del cambio social – Actas del VIII Congreso Andaluz de Sociología [Societies in transition: Facing the challenges of social change – Proceedings of the VIII Andalusian Congress of Sociology]. Almería, November 24-26, 2016.
51. Magruk A. Concept of uncertainty in relation to the foresight research. Eng Manag Prod Serv 2017; 9(1):46-55. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/emj-2017-0005
52. Riccioni I. Sull’utilità e il danno della conoscenza sociologica [On the usefulness and harm of sociological knowledge]. Culture e Studi del Sociale 2019; 4(1):15-31.
53. Chattoe-Brown E. Does sociology have any choice but to be evolutionary? Front Sociol 2019; 4. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fsoc.2019.00006
54. Ferreira CM, Serpa S. Society 5.0 and social development: Contributions to a discussion. Manag Organ Stud 2018; 5(4):26. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5430/mos.v5n4p26
55. Liyanage JP. Living with digital risk: A critical foresight of human-social-organizational transformations. Fifth International Conference on Information and Automation for Sustainability (pp. 262-267). Colombo, Sri Lanka, December 17-19, 2010. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/ICIAFS.2010.5715670
56. Mangone E. Limiti e opportunità delle scienze sociali [Limits and opportunities of the social sciences]. Culture e Studi del Sociale, 2019; 1(4):3-13. http://www.cussoc.unisa.it/volumes/index
57. Serpa S, Ferreira C, Santos A. Fostering interdisciplinarity: Implications for social sciences. Int J Soc Sci Stud 2017; 5(12):44-49. DOI: https://doi.org/10.11114/ijsss.v5i12.2775
58. Kuribayashi M, Hayashi K, Akaike S. A proposal of a new foresight platform considering of sustainable development goals. Eur J Futures Res 2018; 6:4. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40309-017-0130-8
59. Rowland R. Antropologia, história e diferença [Anthropology, history and difference]. Porto: Edições Afrontamento. 1987.
60. Silva A. A ruptura com o senso comum nas ciências sociais [The break with common sense in social sciences]. In A. Silva, & J. Pinto (Orgs.), Metodologia das ciências sociais [Methodology os social sciences] 1990; (pp. 29-53). Porto: Edições Afrontamento.
61. Reinprecht C, Walch N, Šubrt J. Mapping the history of sociology: Places, positioning, dominance and marginality in an emerging discipline. Historická Sociologie 2019; 1:11-27. DOI: https://doi.org/10.14712/23363525.2019.2
2. Comte A. Cours de philosophie positive. Introduction et commentaires par Florence Khodoss [Positive philosophy course. Introduction and comments by Florence Khodoss]. La Gaya Scienza. 2012.
3. Popper K. The poverty of historicism. New York: Harper & Row. 1964.
4. Serpa S, Ferreira CM. Sociology as scientific knowledge. J Educ Soc Res 2019; 9(3):178. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/jesr-2019-0035
5. Silva AS, Pinto JM. Uma visão global sobre as ciências sociais [A global view on social sciences]. In Silva AS, & Pinto JM (Orgs.), Metodologia das ciências sociais [Methodology of social sciences] 1986; (pp. 9-27). Porto: Edições Afrontamento.
6. Abrams P. Historical sociology. Ithaca: Cornell University Press. 1982.
7. Schulz M. Debatendo futuros: Tendências globais, visões alternativas e discurso público [Debating futures: Global trends, alternative views and public discourse]. Sociol Antropol 2014; 4(1):71-95. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/2238-38752014v414
8. Dator J. What futures studies are, and are not. Hawaii: University of Hawaii, Hawaii Research Center for Futures Studies. 2007.
9. Chateauraynaud F. Des prises sur le futur. Regard analytique sur l’activité visionnaire [Holds on the future. Analytical look at visionary activity]. 2012. In D. Bourg, P.-B. Joly, & A. Kaufmann (Dirs.), Retour sur la société du risque – Actes du colloque de Cerisy [A look back at the risk society – Proceedings of the Cerisy conference]. Cerisy-la-Salle, France, September 3-10, 2011. https://www.gspr-ehess.com/documents/articles/FC-Prises-sur-le-Futur-janv2012.pdf
10. Godet M, Durance P, Dias J. A prospectiva estratégica para as empresas e os territórios [Strategic foresight for companies and territories]. Paris: LIPSOR. 2008. http://www.laprospective.fr/dyn/francais/actualites/TOPOSPortugaisV190510.pdf
11. Godet M. Crise de la prévision, essor de la prospective [Forecast crisis, foresight boom]. Paris: PUF. 1977.
12. Godet M. Manual de prospectiva estratégica. Da antecipação à acção [Strategic foresight handbook. From anticipation to action]. Lisboa: Publicações D. Quixote. 1993.
13. Masini E. La previsión humana y social. Estudios sobre los futuros [The human and social foresight. Studies on futures]. Mexico City: Centro de Estudios Prospectivos de la Fundación Javier Barros Sierra/FCE. 1993.
14. Masini E, Medina Vasquez J. Scenarios as seen from a human and social perspective. Technol Forecast Soc Change 2000; 65(1):49-66. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0040-1625(99)00127-4
15. Jantsch E. La prévision technologique: Cadre, techniques et organization [Technological forecasting: Framework, techniques and organization]. Paris: OCDE. 1967.
16. Miklos T, Tello M. Planeación prospectiva. Una estratégia para el diseño del futuro [Foresight planning. A strategy for the design of the future]. Limusa: Centro de Estudios Prospectivos de la Fundación Javier Barros Sierra. 1995.
17. Rattner H. Considerações sobre tendências da futurologia contemporânea [Thoughts on trends in contemporary futurology]. Rev Administ Empres 1973; 13(3):89-103.
18. Cobos A. Hacia la sociología de los futuros [Towards the sociology of futures]. Naucalpan de Juárez, Mexico: Pearson Educación de México. 2011.
19. Ribas J. Planejamento educacional baseado em cenários prospectivos na educação à distância [Educational planning based on foresight scenarios in distance education]. Doctoral dissertation. Florianópolis: Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina. 2013.
20. Schenatto FJA, PolacinskiII E, Abreu AF, Abreu PF. Análise crítica dos estudos do futuro: Uma abordagem a partir do resgate histórico e conceitual do tema [Critical analysis of studies of the future: An approach based on the historical and conceptual rescue of the theme]. Gestão Produção 2011; 18(4):739-754. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/S0104-530X2011000400005
21. Vasquéz JM, Órtegon E. Manual de prospectiva y decisión estratégica: Bases teóricas e instrumentos para América Latina y el Caribe [Handbook of foresight and strategic decision: Theoretical bases and instruments for Latin America and the Caribbean]. Mexico City: Instituto Latinoamericano y del Caribe de Planificación Económica y Social (ILPES). Naciones Unidas, CEPAL. 2006.
22. Martin B. Technology foresight: Capturing the benefits from science-related technologies. Res Eval 1996; 6(2):158-168. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/rev/6.2.158
23. Saragoça J. Diagnóstico e prospetiva social [Diagnosis and social foresight]. Évora: Universidade de Évora. 2012.
24. Jouvenel H. La démarche prospective. Un bref guide méthodologique [The foresight approach. A brief methodological guide]. Futuribles, 1993; 179:51-71 (updated in 2002). Paris: Futuribles International.
25. Alvarenga A, Carvalho PS. Escola francesa de prospectiva no contexto dos futures studies – Da “Comissão do Ano 2000” às ferramentas de Michel Godet [French School of foresight in the context of future studies – From the “Year 2000 Committee” to Michel Godet’s tools]. Lisboa: Ministry of Environment, Spatial Planning and Regional Development – Department of Foresight and Planning. 2007.
26. Rocher G. Introducción a la sociología general [Introduction to general sociology], 12th ed. Barcelona: Herder. 1996.
27. Elias N. Introdução à sociologia [Introduction to sociology]. Lisboa: Edições 70. 1980.
28. Sztompka P. Sociología del cambio social [Sociology of social change]. Madrid: Alianza Editorial. 1995.
29. Javeau C. Lições de sociologia [Lessons of sociology]. Oeiras: Celta Editora. 1998.
30. Bootz JP, Durance P, Monti R. Foresight and knowledge management. New developments in theory and practice. Technol Forecast Soc Change 2019; 140:80-83. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2018.12.017
31. Cazes B. Prospetiva [Foresight]. In R. Boudon, P. Besnard, M. Cherkaoui, Lécuyer BP (Dirs.), Dicionário de sociologia [Dictionary of sociology] (p. 199). Lisboa: Publicações Dom Quixote. 1990.
32. Rocher G. Sociologia geral. A organização social [General sociology. The social organisation]. Lisboa: Editorial Presença. 1989.
33. Šubrt J. Ulrich Beck: The metamorphosis of the world. Histor Sociol 2018; 1:150-153. DOI: https://doi.org/10.14712/23363525.2018.44
34. Lucas R. Macroeconomic priorities. Am Econ Rev 2003; 93(1):1-14. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1257/000282803321455133
35. Haro FA. A insustentável sustentabilidade das previsões económicas: Reflexividade, etnoeconomia e neoliberalismo [The unbearable sustainability of economic predictions: Reflexivity, ethno-economics and neoliberalism]. Sociologia, Revista da Faculdade de Letras da Universidade do Porto, 2015; XXX:145-164.
36. Costa AF. Sociologia [Sociology]. Lisboa: Difusão Cultural. 1992.
37. Ferreira C., Serpa S. Challenges in the teaching of sociology in higher education. Contributions to a discussion. Societies 2017; 7(4):30. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/soc7040030
38. Serpa S, Ferreira CM. Sociological problem and social problem: Contributions to a discussion. Sociol Anthropol 2018; 6(11):840-844. DOI: https://doi.org/10.13189/sa.2018.061104
39. Merton R. Social theory and social structure. New York: Free Press. 1968.
40. Espinosa E, García J, Albero C. La sociología del conocimiento y de la ciência [Sociology of knowledge and science]. Madrid: Alianza Editorial. 1994.
41. Martins H. Risco, incerteza e escatologia: reflexões sobre o experimentum mundi tecnológico em curso (II) [Risk, uncertainty and eschatology: Reflections on the ongoing technological experimentum mundi (II)]. Episteme, 2, June-July, 1998; pp. 41-75.
42. Wynne B. Uncertainty and environmental learning: Reconceiving science and policy in the preventive paradigm. Glob Environ Change: Hum Policy Dimens 1992; 2(2):111-127. http://tbauler.pbworks.com/w/file/fetch/48548191/Wynne_uncertainty%20and%20enviornmental%20learning.pdf
43. Jerónimo H. A peritagem científica perante o risco e as incertezas [Scientific expertise in the face of risk and uncertainties]. Análise Social 2006; XLI(181):1143-1165.
44. Çifci H, Yuksel N. Foresight 6.0: The new generation of technology foresight. 2018 IEEE International Conference on Engineering, Technology and Innovation (ICE/ITMC) (pp. 1-5). Stuttgart, Germany, June 17-20, 2018. DOI: http://doi.org/10.1109/ICE.2018.8436350
45. Voros J. A generalised ‘layered methodology’ framework. Foresight 2005; 7(2):28-40.
46. Boudon R. Effets pervers et ordre social [Perverse effects and social order]. Paris: PUF. 1977.
47. Decouflé A. Traité élémentaire de prevision et de prospective [Elementary treatise on forecast and foresight]. Paris: Presses Universitaires de France. 1978.
48. Perestrelo M. Prospectiva e mudança social [Foresight and social change]. In J. Saragoça, C. A. Silva, & J. Fialho (Eds.), Prospetiva estratégica: Teoria, métodos e casos reais [Strategic foresight: Theory, methods and real cases] (pp. 111-126). Lisboa: Edições Sílabo. 2017.
49. Soares P, Chainho C, Balão A. Limites da prospetiva e potencialidade dos “estudos do futuro” em sociologia [Limits of foresight and potential of “studies of the future” in sociology]. In Atas do IX Congresso Português de Sociologia [Proceedings of the IX Portuguese Congress of Sociology]. Faro: Portuguese Association of Sociology. 2016.
50. Saragoça J, Silva C, Fialho J. Antecipação de cenários de mudança com metodologia prospectiva: Teoria e estudos empíricos [Anticipating change scenarios with foresight methodology: Theory and empirical studies]. In Sociedades en transición: Afrontando los retos del cambio social – Actas del VIII Congreso Andaluz de Sociología [Societies in transition: Facing the challenges of social change – Proceedings of the VIII Andalusian Congress of Sociology]. Almería, November 24-26, 2016.
51. Magruk A. Concept of uncertainty in relation to the foresight research. Eng Manag Prod Serv 2017; 9(1):46-55. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/emj-2017-0005
52. Riccioni I. Sull’utilità e il danno della conoscenza sociologica [On the usefulness and harm of sociological knowledge]. Culture e Studi del Sociale 2019; 4(1):15-31.
53. Chattoe-Brown E. Does sociology have any choice but to be evolutionary? Front Sociol 2019; 4. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fsoc.2019.00006
54. Ferreira CM, Serpa S. Society 5.0 and social development: Contributions to a discussion. Manag Organ Stud 2018; 5(4):26. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5430/mos.v5n4p26
55. Liyanage JP. Living with digital risk: A critical foresight of human-social-organizational transformations. Fifth International Conference on Information and Automation for Sustainability (pp. 262-267). Colombo, Sri Lanka, December 17-19, 2010. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/ICIAFS.2010.5715670
56. Mangone E. Limiti e opportunità delle scienze sociali [Limits and opportunities of the social sciences]. Culture e Studi del Sociale, 2019; 1(4):3-13. http://www.cussoc.unisa.it/volumes/index
57. Serpa S, Ferreira C, Santos A. Fostering interdisciplinarity: Implications for social sciences. Int J Soc Sci Stud 2017; 5(12):44-49. DOI: https://doi.org/10.11114/ijsss.v5i12.2775
58. Kuribayashi M, Hayashi K, Akaike S. A proposal of a new foresight platform considering of sustainable development goals. Eur J Futures Res 2018; 6:4. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40309-017-0130-8
59. Rowland R. Antropologia, história e diferença [Anthropology, history and difference]. Porto: Edições Afrontamento. 1987.
60. Silva A. A ruptura com o senso comum nas ciências sociais [The break with common sense in social sciences]. In A. Silva, & J. Pinto (Orgs.), Metodologia das ciências sociais [Methodology os social sciences] 1990; (pp. 29-53). Porto: Edições Afrontamento.
61. Reinprecht C, Walch N, Šubrt J. Mapping the history of sociology: Places, positioning, dominance and marginality in an emerging discipline. Historická Sociologie 2019; 1:11-27. DOI: https://doi.org/10.14712/23363525.2019.2
How to Cite
Ferreira, C. M., & Serpa, S. (2021). Future Anticipation in Sociology. Science Insights, 39(1), 333–341. https://doi.org/10.15354/si.21.re229
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