The Relation between Academic Performance and Academic Self-Efficacy in Primary School Students: The Mediating Role of Academic Stress and Self-Esteem and Gender Differences

Abstract

Academic self-efficacy includes the individual’s confidence in their capacity for learning, self-assessment of their competence in utilizing their acquired skills to complete learning tasks, and subjective evaluation of their ability to control learning behavior and results. Primary school students are at a crucial stage in the development of academic self-efficacy. Successful cultivation of academic self-efficacy at this phase has a significant and positive effect on their academic attainment.